Self-Serve tier

Distinguish 501(c)(4) issue advocacy from express advocacy and electioneering communications under Buckley v. Valeo (1976) magic words and FEC v. Wisconsin Right to Life II, 551 U.S. 449 (2007) functional equivalent test. Apply IRC §501(c)(4) primary purpose limit and §527 spillo

Apply the Buckley v. Valeo (1976) doctrinal split between contribution limits (closely drawn scrutiny, sustained) and expenditure limits (strict scrutiny, struck) to evaluate the constitutionality and statutory classification of a proposed federal/state political finance regulati

Apply Citizens United v. FEC, 558 U.S. 310 (2010) to evaluate whether a corporation, union, or 501(c)(4) may make a proposed independent expenditure or electioneering communication, classify the speech, separate independence from coordination, and identify disclosure obligations

Apply the FEC three-prong coordinated communication test of 11 C.F.R. §109.21 (payment, content standard, conduct standard) to a proposed advertisement, mailer, or digital placement. Identify whether speech is independent or coordinated, triggering reclassification as an in-kind

Prepare and submit a Federal Election Commission Advisory Opinion request under 52 U.S.C. §30108 (formerly 2 U.S.C. §437f), establishing requestor standing, specific transaction or activity, applicable statutory and regulatory framework, and good-faith reliance protection under §

Compute Federal Election Campaign Act individual contribution limits per 52 U.S.C. §30116, applying current FEC indexed amounts, candidate-committee/PAC/party tier separation, election-cycle bifurcation (primary vs general), and aggregate limit rules post-McCutcheon. Surfaces exc

Apply the foreign-national contribution and expenditure prohibition under 52 U.S.C. §30121 and Bluman v. FEC, 800 F. Supp. 2d 281 (D.D.C. 2011), aff'd 565 U.S. 1104 (2012). Identify covered foreign nationals, exempt lawful permanent residents, decision-making attribution to U.S.

Apply McCutcheon v. FEC, 572 U.S. 185 (2014) to confirm post-McCutcheon contribution-limit topology; verify that no biennial aggregate cap applies and that per-recipient base limits remain. Surface joint fundraising committee, transfer, and earmarking risks that re-aggregate by a

Apply the National Voter Registration Act (NVRA / "Motor Voter") at 52 U.S.C. §§20501-20511 to a state implementation question — DMV registration integration, public-assistance agency obligations, mail registration, list maintenance program, and 90-day pre-election freeze on syst

Apply the Anderson-Burdick balancing test from Anderson v. Celebrezze, 460 U.S. 780 (1983) and Burdick v. Takushi, 504 U.S. 428 (1992) to evaluate constitutionality of state ballot-access requirements (signature thresholds, filing fees, deadlines, party-test rules) under the Firs

Form, qualify, and operate an independent-expenditure-only political committee (Super PAC) under SpeechNow.org v. FEC, 599 F.3d 686 (D.C. Cir. 2010) and FEC Advisory Opinions 2010-09 and 2010-11. Establish unlimited individual/corporate/union receipts, statement of organization,

Apply Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act, 52 U.S.C. §10301, under Thornburg v. Gingles, 478 U.S. 30 (1986) preconditions and the totality-of-circumstances analysis, as reaffirmed by Allen v. Milligan, 599 U.S. 1 (2023). Evaluate vote-dilution claims for redistricting plans and at